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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people find that medications aid in managing anxiety. However they're not the only solution. Psychotherapy and exercise can be effective treatments. Some antidepressants, like SSRIs (citalopram, Lexapro, fluoxetine, Prozac, paroxetine, Zoloft) also help with anxiety. Other medications, like histamine blockers like Vistaril (hydroxyzine), can also provide relief. Antidepressants Your doctor could prescribe medication to treat depression. Antidepressants, one of the most commonly prescribed drugs, come in many different kinds. The type you choose by your doctor depends on the severity of your symptoms and any other medical issues you suffer from, as well as your treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They alter the way nerve cells in your brain communicate. They do this by increasing the amount of certain neurotransmitters that improves mood and anxiety. Antidepressants can take a while to show results, so be patient and adhere to your treatment. Benzodiazepines are a different option that your doctor might use to treat depression and anxiety. They are fast-acting medicines and are utilized as a short-term remedy to reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Examples of benzodiazepines include lorazepam and alprazolam. They block the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which are hormones involved in the fight or flight response. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are a more traditional type of antidepressant that can also be effective in treating depression and anxiety. They are typically prescribed to those who have not had a response to other antidepressants. They also require dietary changes to prevent hypertensive effects caused by the amino acid tyramine. If you're taking a prescription antidepressant be sure to inform your doctor of any other medications you're taking, such as supplements and vitamins. You may need to reduce the dosage if you are taking other medications that are affecting how well antidepressants work, or if there are negative side effects. Get help immediately if you are thinking of suicide. You may have different signs of depression and anxiety or you could have a combination of depression and anxiety. Those with comorbid depression and anxiety have a less favorable medical prognosis than those who have either disorder alone. Some psychiatric medications have been proven to be particularly effective in treating both disorders for people with comorbid depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines can ease anxiety symptoms, including alprazolam, clonazepam and chlordiazepoxid diazepam and lorazepam. These medications act on the central nervous system's benzodiazepine receptors which are protein molecules comprised of five transmembrane components that form a benzyl chloride channel in the middle. The benzodiazepine receptors also possess a binding site for the inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutryic acid type A (GABA-A). The benzodiazepines reduce nerve activity by increasing levels of GABA-A. Benzodiazepines have a rapid time to begin their action, however they pose a risk of dependence and addiction. Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics and buspirone have a longer duration of action, however they are the best choice for long-term use because they don't produce dependence or tolerance. Depression can be associated with anxiety disorders, and antidepressants can help reduce the depressive symptoms associated with underlying anxiety. Many people suffering from depression experience a combination both of depressive and anxious symptoms. They'll have to mix medication and talk therapy in order to control their symptoms. In these instances benzodiazepines may be used for short durations to treat depression and anxiety symptoms until other medication takes effect. Usually, these medications are prescribed for only several weeks at a time, and are not taken daily. These medications should not be taken for long periods of time because they can trigger withdrawal symptoms such as shaking or trouble sleeping. If you're thinking of taking benzodiazepines in the future, inform your doctor about any previous substance abuse or dependence issues, as well as any other mental health issues you suffer from. Your doctor can inform you about possible side effects, and recommend other medications if needed to treat depression. Benzodiazepines can cause serious, even life-threatening complications if you take too much or haven't used them before. If you are pregnant or nursing, or if you have a history of liver disease, respiratory or digestive disorders or liver disease, your doctor might limit the duration of treatment or prescribe lower doses. Alcohol can negatively interact with benzodiazepines, increasing the chance of adverse effects and dependence. It is recommended to avoid drinking alcohol while taking these medicines. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a medication to control anxiety symptoms. They are a different type of drug than benzodiazepines like Xanax and are able to block receptors that adrenaline binds to. They also reduce brain and nervous system activities. They can be used as an alternative to benzodiazepines, which are more addictive and carry a higher dependency risk. Beta blockers are typically prescribed for heart conditions, and can be helpful in treating anxiety because they lower blood pressure and slow down the heart rate. They are not FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorders. They are prescribed “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders. They are a great option if other antianxiety medications aren't working or have undesirable side consequences. They are particularly effective in cases of social anxiety and performance anxiety, where uncomfortable symptoms can occur when you are experiencing events that trigger anxiety. They can be used in combination with other treatment options like CBT and SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an adjunct therapy for those suffering from GAD. GAD is characterized by persistent and frequent anxiety that can hinder daily activities. They can also aid in managing physical symptoms of anxiety, such as a racing pulse or increased sweating. Beta-blockers may help manage physical symptoms of anxiety but they don't address the underlying psychological issues that cause the condition. They are best used to supplement other treatments, like benzodiazepines and SSRIs. Before you start taking beta-blockers, it is important to discuss with your doctor your medical history as well as any other health issues. The use of these drugs is associated with a decrease in suicidal and psychiatric hospitalisations, but the results vary depending on the specific psychiatric condition and psychiatric history prior to the diagnosis. In addition, they are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events in certain patients. Some natural ingredients have similar properties to beta-blockers, but are not as efficient. They include antioxidants as well as garlic, saffron and potassium. These natural supplements are not fully understood. Some of these supplements may cause serious adverse side effects, so it's best to consult a doctor before taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs alter the way your mind works. They interfere with the activity of an enzyme called monoamine oxidase. This enzyme breaks down the chemical serotonin and norepinephrine, which enable brain cells to communicate with one with each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to stay in your brain. This enhances brain cell communication and improves your mood. These drugs are also effective in treating anxiety disorders, specifically anxiety-related disorders such as agoraphobia, mixed depression and anxiety. disorders anxiety are less effective in treating pure anxiety and might not be helpful in panic attacks. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been linked to their capability to boost serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine levels inside the brain. These neurotransmitters are produced naturally in your body and released into the bloodstream, from where they travel to nerve cells, and act as messengers between neurons. Iproniazid was one of the first antidepressants to be developed in the year 1950. It blocked monoamine oxidease. This led to the creation of other MAOIs such as tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid, that have been used for a long time to help treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. MAOIs can trigger severe withdrawal symptoms when abruptly stopped. They can also have dangerous interactions with food and drugs. A newer type of MAOI, known as an irreversible and selective MAO-A inhibitor, is under investigation for use in treating resistant depression. It is not recommended for use in bipolar disorder since it could trigger manic symptoms. Selegiline, a brand new MAOI (also called Zelapar or Eldepryl) is being studied for treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase, but does not alter other enzymes that break down levodopa, the primary treatment for Parkinson's. These medications can be used either on their own or in conjunction with other antidepressants. MAOIs can trigger hyperreflexia as well as increased neuromuscular excitation in certain patients. This can manifest as eyelid twitching, as well as other signs. These reactions are more prevalent when these medications are used along with certain foods such as aged cheeses or preserved meats.